Mishle Sendebar - Revision history

Bonsall at 10:10, 5 May 2026

2026-05-05T10:10:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:10, 5 May 2026
Line 14:		Line 14:
	\|Is Date Uncertain=No		\|Is Date Uncertain=No
	\|Has Source For Date Of Text Composition=Epstein (1967)		\|Has Source For Date Of Text Composition=Epstein (1967)
	\|Has Modern Research Literature=Epstein (1967); Epstein (1958); Hilka (1912); Epstein (1959); Perry (1959); Gaster (1936); Steinschneider (1878); Needler (1977); Pratelli (2010); Lacarra (2009); Krönung (2016)		\|Has Modern Research Literature=Epstein (1967); Epstein (1958); Hilka (1912); Epstein (1959); Perry (1959); Gaster (1936); Steinschneider (1878); Needler (1977); Pratelli (2010); Lacarra (2009); Krönung (2016); Bildhauer and Pepe (2025)
	\|Has Modern Edition=Epstein, Tales of Sendebar (1967); Habermann, Mishle Sindbad (1946); Cassel, Mischle Sindbad (Hebrew, with translation into German) (1888); Pratelli, Mišlê Sendebār (2010)		\|Has Modern Edition=Epstein, Tales of Sendebar (1967); Habermann, Mishle Sindbad (1946); Cassel, Mischle Sindbad (Hebrew, with translation into German) (1888); Pratelli, Mišlê Sendebār (2010)
	\|Has Note=The story-order given below reflects Epstein's 1967 edition, which combines the story-order given in several Group A texts with the additional storymatter found in the anomalous Group B texts (namely [[Jusjurandum]], [[Fur et Luna]], and [[Ingenia]]).		\|Has Note=The story-order given below reflects Epstein's 1967 edition, which combines the story-order given in several Group A texts with the additional storymatter found in the anomalous Group B texts (namely [[Jusjurandum]], [[Fur et Luna]], and [[Ingenia]]).

Bonsall at 07:03, 18 April 2026

2026-04-18T07:03:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:03, 18 April 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Version		{{Version
	\|Has Description=Predating the expansion of the ~~'Western'~~ ''Seven Sages'' narratives, composed some time before 1275, the Hebrew ''Mishle Sendebar'' (משלי סנדבר, Parables of Sendebar) is part of the broad ~~'Eastern'~~ tradition, sharing many elements with the Syriac, Greek, Persian, Arabic, and Old Spanish versions. Like the other Eastern texts, ''Mishle Sendebar'' highlights the wisdom of a particular philosopher, Sendebar (also known as Sindbad, Syntipas, Sindban, etc.). Additionally, all the sages here tell two stories to every single story told by the empress (see story order, below).		\|Has Description=Predating the expansion of the European ''Seven Sages'' narratives, composed some time before 1275, the Hebrew ''Mishle Sendebar'' (משלי סנדבר, Parables of Sendebar) is part of the broad [[Book of Sindbad]] tradition, sharing many elements with the [[Syriac Sindban\|Syriac]], [[Syntipas\|Greek]], [[Persian Sindbadnama\|Persian]], [[Arabic Version A (The Seven Viziers)\|Arabic]], and [[Old Spanish Libro de los Engaños\|Old Spanish]] versions. Like the other Eastern texts, ''Mishle Sendebar'' highlights the wisdom of a particular philosopher, Sendebar (also known as Sindbad, Syntipas, Sindban, etc.). Additionally, all the sages here tell two stories to every single story told by the empress (see story order, below).


	However, ''Mishle Sendebar'' is also distinct from the other Eastern texts in some ways. Some of these differences are related to a distinct Hebrew literary tradition, evidenced in analogues or references to the Book of Esther and elements from the Torah, but some variations are also shown in the plot. ~~For example, only in~~ the ~~Hebrew tradition is~~ the empress forgiven at the end, once her crimes are revealed. Additionally, the Hebrew version alone of all the Eastern texts shares critical features with the Western ''Seven Sages'' tradition, as Morris Epstein explains in his introduction. As in the ''Seven Sages,'' in ''Mishle Sendebar'' the sages are named, and compete to secure the role of instructing the prince. The sages are named some variation of: Sendebar (Sndbad, Sndbr), Ipokras (Yofkot, Biars, Avpkrt), Apulin (Apuliyon, Aplbin, Upilin), Lukman (Luknin, Lukian, Lukmo, Ukmo, Ukimun), Aristalin (Aristotlie, Astile, Aristotilus, Istlin), Bind (Binr, Nishum, Bindi, Hind, Binur, Kind) and Amami (Amur, Amia, Amri, Amud, Omd, Amuz). The king is named Bibar (or similar), and his first wife's name is Beria; the son and the empress-figure are unnamed.		However, ''Mishle Sendebar'' is also distinct from the other Eastern texts in some ways. Some of these differences are related to the distinct Hebrew literary tradition, evidenced in analogues or references to the Book of Esther and elements from the Torah, but some variations are also shown in the plot. Epstein identifies the fact that the empress forgiven at the end, once her crimes are revealed, as reflecting something specific about Hebrew literary and cultural norms (though this also occus in some of the other ''Book of Sindbad'' narratives as well) ([[Epstein (1967)]]). Additionally, the Hebrew version alone of all the Eastern texts shares critical features with the Western ''Seven Sages'' tradition, as Morris Epstein explains in his introduction. As in the ''Seven Sages,'' in ''Mishle Sendebar'' the sages are named, and compete to secure the role of instructing the prince. The sages are named some variation of: Sendebar (Sndbad, Sndbr), Ipokras (Yofkot, Biars, Avpkrt), Apulin (Apuliyon, Aplbin, Upilin), Lukman (Luknin, Lukian, Lukmo, Ukmo, Ukimun), Aristalin (Aristotlie, Astile, Aristotilus, Istlin), Bind (Binr, Nishum, Bindi, Hind, Binur, Kind) and Amami (Amur, Amia, Amri, Amud, Omd, Amuz). The king is named Bibar (or similar), and his first wife's name is Beria; the son and the empress-figure are unnamed.
			\|Has Motif=Empress is forgiven
	\|Has Display Title=Mishle Sendebar		\|Has Display Title=Mishle Sendebar
	\|Has Title=משלי סנדבר (Mishle Sendebar)		\|Has Title=משלי סנדבר (Mishle Sendebar)

Bonsall at 06:54, 18 April 2026

2026-04-18T06:54:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:54, 18 April 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Version		{{Version
	\|Has Description=Predating the expansion of the 'Western' ''Seven Sages'' narratives, composed some time before 1275, the Hebrew ''Mishle Sendebar'' (משלי סנדבר, Parables of Sendebar) is part of the broad 'Eastern' tradition, sharing many elements with the Syriac, Greek, Persian, Arabic, and Old Spanish versions. Like the other Eastern texts, ''Mishle Sendebar'' highlights the wisdom of a particular philosopher, Sendebar (also known as Sindbad, Syntipas, Sindban, etc.). Additionally, all the sages here tell two stories to every single story told by the empress (see story order, below).		\|Has Description=Predating the expansion of the 'Western' ''Seven Sages'' narratives, composed some time before 1275, the Hebrew ''Mishle Sendebar'' (משלי סנדבר, Parables of Sendebar) is part of the broad 'Eastern' tradition, sharing many elements with the Syriac, Greek, Persian, Arabic, and Old Spanish versions. Like the other Eastern texts, ''Mishle Sendebar'' highlights the wisdom of a particular philosopher, Sendebar (also known as Sindbad, Syntipas, Sindban, etc.). Additionally, all the sages here tell two stories to every single story told by the empress (see story order, below).


	However, ''Mishle Sendebar'' is also distinct from the other Eastern texts in some ways. Some of these differences are related to a distinct Hebrew literary tradition, evidenced in analogues or references to the Book of Esther and elements from the Torah, but some variations are also shown in the plot. For example, only in the Hebrew tradition is the empress forgiven at the end, once her crimes are revealed. Additionally, the Hebrew version alone of all the Eastern texts shares critical features with the Western ''Seven Sages'' tradition, as Morris Epstein explains in his introduction. As in the ''Seven Sages,'' in ''Mishle Sendebar'' the sages are named, and compete to secure the role of instructing the prince. The sages are named some variation of: Sendebar (Sndbad, Sndbr), Ipokras (Yofkot, Biars, Avpkrt), Apulin (Apuliyon, Aplbin, Upilin), Lukman (Luknin, Lukian, Lukmo, Ukmo, Ukimun), Aristalin (Aristotlie, Astile, Aristotilus, Istlin), Bind (Binr, Nishum, Bindi, Hind, Binur, Kind) and Amami (Amur, Amia, Amri, Amud, Omd, Amuz). The king is named Bibar (or similar), and his first wife's name is Beria; the son and the empress-figure are unnamed.		However, ''Mishle Sendebar'' is also distinct from the other Eastern texts in some ways. Some of these differences are related to a distinct Hebrew literary tradition, evidenced in analogues or references to the Book of Esther and elements from the Torah, but some variations are also shown in the plot. For example, only in the Hebrew tradition is the empress forgiven at the end, once her crimes are revealed. Additionally, the Hebrew version alone of all the Eastern texts shares critical features with the Western ''Seven Sages'' tradition, as Morris Epstein explains in his introduction. As in the ''Seven Sages,'' in ''Mishle Sendebar'' the sages are named, and compete to secure the role of instructing the prince. The sages are named some variation of: Sendebar (Sndbad, Sndbr), Ipokras (Yofkot, Biars, Avpkrt), Apulin (Apuliyon, Aplbin, Upilin), Lukman (Luknin, Lukian, Lukmo, Ukmo, Ukimun), Aristalin (Aristotlie, Astile, Aristotilus, Istlin), Bind (Binr, Nishum, Bindi, Hind, Binur, Kind) and Amami (Amur, Amia, Amri, Amud, Omd, Amuz). The king is named Bibar (or similar), and his first wife's name is Beria; the son and the empress-figure are unnamed.
Line 10:		Line 11:
	\|Has Start Date Of Composition=1100		\|Has Start Date Of Composition=1100
	\|Has End Date Of Composition=1275		\|Has End Date Of Composition=1275
			\|Is Date Uncertain=No
	\|Has Source For Date Of Text Composition=Epstein (1967)		\|Has Source For Date Of Text Composition=Epstein (1967)
	\|Has Modern Research Literature=Epstein (1967); Epstein (1958); Hilka (1912); Epstein (1959); Perry (1959); Gaster (1936); Steinschneider (1878); Needler (1977); Pratelli (2010); Lacarra (2009); Krönung (2016)		\|Has Modern Research Literature=Epstein (1967); Epstein (1958); Hilka (1912); Epstein (1959); Perry (1959); Gaster (1936); Steinschneider (1878); Needler (1977); Pratelli (2010); Lacarra (2009); Krönung (2016)

Noeth at 12:09, 23 February 2026

2026-02-23T12:09:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:09, 23 February 2026
Line 5:		Line 5:
	\|Has Display Title=Mishle Sendebar		\|Has Display Title=Mishle Sendebar
	\|Has Title=משלי סנדבר (Mishle Sendebar)		\|Has Title=משלי סנדבר (Mishle Sendebar)
	~~\|Has Siglum=Mishle Sendebar~~
	\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindbad		\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindbad
	\|Has Language Of Version=Hebrew		\|Has Language Of Version=Hebrew

Noeth at 13:36, 18 February 2026

2026-02-18T13:36:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:36, 18 February 2026
Line 8:		Line 8:
	\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindbad		\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindbad
	\|Has Language Of Version=Hebrew		\|Has Language Of Version=Hebrew
	~~\|Has Text Language=Hebrew~~
	\|Is Translated Into Languages=French; Arabic; Latin; German (High and Low German)		\|Is Translated Into Languages=French; Arabic; Latin; German (High and Low German)
	\|Has Start Date Of Composition=1100		\|Has Start Date Of Composition=1100

Bonsall at 13:56, 16 February 2026

2026-02-16T13:56:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:56, 16 February 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Version		{{Version
	\|Has Description=Predating the expansion of the 'Western' ''Seven Sages'' narratives, composed some time before ~~1295~~, the Hebrew ''Mishle Sendebar'' (משלי סנדבר, Parables of Sendebar) is part of the broad 'Eastern' tradition, sharing many elements with the Syriac, Greek, Persian, Arabic, and Old Spanish versions. Like the other Eastern texts, ''Mishle Sendebar'' highlights the wisdom of a particular philosopher, Sendebar (also known as Sindbad, Syntipas, Sindban, etc.). Additionally, all the sages here tell two stories to every single story told by the empress (see story order, below).		\|Has Description=Predating the expansion of the 'Western' ''Seven Sages'' narratives, composed some time before 1275, the Hebrew ''Mishle Sendebar'' (משלי סנדבר, Parables of Sendebar) is part of the broad 'Eastern' tradition, sharing many elements with the Syriac, Greek, Persian, Arabic, and Old Spanish versions. Like the other Eastern texts, ''Mishle Sendebar'' highlights the wisdom of a particular philosopher, Sendebar (also known as Sindbad, Syntipas, Sindban, etc.). Additionally, all the sages here tell two stories to every single story told by the empress (see story order, below).

	However, ''Mishle Sendebar'' is also distinct from the other Eastern texts in some ways. Some of these differences are related to a distinct Hebrew literary tradition, evidenced in analogues or references to the Book of Esther and elements from the Torah, but some variations are also shown in the plot. For example, only in the Hebrew tradition is the empress forgiven at the end, once her crimes are revealed. Additionally, the Hebrew version alone of all the Eastern texts shares critical features with the Western ''Seven Sages'' tradition, as Morris Epstein explains in his introduction. As in the ''Seven Sages,'' in ''Mishle Sendebar'' the sages are named, and compete to secure the role of instructing the prince. The sages are named some variation of: Sendebar (Sndbad, Sndbr), Ipokras (Yofkot, Biars, Avpkrt), Apulin (Apuliyon, Aplbin, Upilin), Lukman (Luknin, Lukian, Lukmo, Ukmo, Ukimun), Aristalin (Aristotlie, Astile, Aristotilus, Istlin), Bind (Binr, Nishum, Bindi, Hind, Binur, Kind) and Amami (Amur, Amia, Amri, Amud, Omd, Amuz). The king is named Bibar (or similar), and his first wife's name is Beria; the son and the empress-figure are unnamed.		However, ''Mishle Sendebar'' is also distinct from the other Eastern texts in some ways. Some of these differences are related to a distinct Hebrew literary tradition, evidenced in analogues or references to the Book of Esther and elements from the Torah, but some variations are also shown in the plot. For example, only in the Hebrew tradition is the empress forgiven at the end, once her crimes are revealed. Additionally, the Hebrew version alone of all the Eastern texts shares critical features with the Western ''Seven Sages'' tradition, as Morris Epstein explains in his introduction. As in the ''Seven Sages,'' in ''Mishle Sendebar'' the sages are named, and compete to secure the role of instructing the prince. The sages are named some variation of: Sendebar (Sndbad, Sndbr), Ipokras (Yofkot, Biars, Avpkrt), Apulin (Apuliyon, Aplbin, Upilin), Lukman (Luknin, Lukian, Lukmo, Ukmo, Ukimun), Aristalin (Aristotlie, Astile, Aristotilus, Istlin), Bind (Binr, Nishum, Bindi, Hind, Binur, Kind) and Amami (Amur, Amia, Amri, Amud, Omd, Amuz). The king is named Bibar (or similar), and his first wife's name is Beria; the son and the empress-figure are unnamed.
Line 8:		Line 8:
	\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindbad		\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindbad
	\|Has Language Of Version=Hebrew		\|Has Language Of Version=Hebrew
			\|Has Text Language=Hebrew
	\|Is Translated Into Languages=French; Arabic; Latin; German (High and Low German)		\|Is Translated Into Languages=French; Arabic; Latin; German (High and Low German)
	\|Has Start Date Of Composition=1100		\|Has Start Date Of Composition=1100
	\|Has End Date Of Composition=~~1295~~		\|Has End Date Of Composition=1275
	\|Has Source For Date Of Text Composition=Epstein (1967)		\|Has Source For Date Of Text Composition=Epstein (1967)
	~~\|Has Text Language=Hebrew~~
	\|Has Modern Research Literature=Epstein (1967); Epstein (1958); Hilka (1912); Epstein (1959); Perry (1959); Gaster (1936); Steinschneider (1878); Needler (1977); Pratelli (2010); Lacarra (2009); Krönung (2016)		\|Has Modern Research Literature=Epstein (1967); Epstein (1958); Hilka (1912); Epstein (1959); Perry (1959); Gaster (1936); Steinschneider (1878); Needler (1977); Pratelli (2010); Lacarra (2009); Krönung (2016)
	\|Has Modern Edition=Epstein, Tales of Sendebar (1967); Habermann, Mishle Sindbad (1946); Cassel, Mischle Sindbad (Hebrew, with translation into German) (1888); Pratelli, Mišlê Sendebār (2010)		\|Has Modern Edition=Epstein, Tales of Sendebar (1967); Habermann, Mishle Sindbad (1946); Cassel, Mischle Sindbad (Hebrew, with translation into German) (1888); Pratelli, Mišlê Sendebār (2010)

Noeth: Text replacement - "Has Original Language Of Version" to "Has Language Of Version"

2026-01-27T11:22:06Z

Text replacement - "Has Original Language Of Version" to "Has Language Of Version"

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:22, 27 January 2026
Line 7:		Line 7:
	\|Has Siglum=Mishle Sendebar		\|Has Siglum=Mishle Sendebar
	\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindbad		\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindbad
	\|Has ~~Original~~ Language Of Version=Hebrew		\|Has Language Of Version=Hebrew
	\|Is Translated Into Languages=French; Arabic; Latin; German (High and Low German)		\|Is Translated Into Languages=French; Arabic; Latin; German (High and Low German)
	\|Has Start Date Of Composition=1100		\|Has Start Date Of Composition=1100

Noeth: Text replacement - "Book of Sindibad" to "Book of Sindbad"

2025-12-03T14:54:07Z

Text replacement - "Book of Sindibad" to "Book of Sindbad"

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:54, 3 December 2025
Line 6:		Line 6:
	\|Has Title=משלי סנדבר (Mishle Sendebar)		\|Has Title=משלי סנדבר (Mishle Sendebar)
	\|Has Siglum=Mishle Sendebar		\|Has Siglum=Mishle Sendebar
	\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of ~~Sindibad~~		\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindbad
	\|Has Original Language Of Version=Hebrew		\|Has Original Language Of Version=Hebrew
	\|Is Translated Into Languages=French; Arabic; Latin; German (High and Low German)		\|Is Translated Into Languages=French; Arabic; Latin; German (High and Low German)

Noeth: Text replacement - "Has Branch Of Tradition=East" to "Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindibad"

2025-12-03T12:42:09Z

Text replacement - "Has Branch Of Tradition=East" to "Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindibad"

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:42, 3 December 2025
Line 6:		Line 6:
	\|Has Title=משלי סנדבר (Mishle Sendebar)		\|Has Title=משלי סנדבר (Mishle Sendebar)
	\|Has Siglum=Mishle Sendebar		\|Has Siglum=Mishle Sendebar
	\|Has Branch Of Tradition=~~East~~		\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindibad
	\|Has Original Language Of Version=Hebrew		\|Has Original Language Of Version=Hebrew
	\|Is Translated Into Languages=French; Arabic; Latin; German (High and Low German)		\|Is Translated Into Languages=French; Arabic; Latin; German (High and Low German)

Bonsall at 10:20, 20 October 2025

2025-10-20T10:20:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:20, 20 October 2025
Line 4:		Line 4:
	However, ''Mishle Sendebar'' is also distinct from the other Eastern texts in some ways. Some of these differences are related to a distinct Hebrew literary tradition, evidenced in analogues or references to the Book of Esther and elements from the Torah, but some variations are also shown in the plot. For example, only in the Hebrew tradition is the empress forgiven at the end, once her crimes are revealed. Additionally, the Hebrew version alone of all the Eastern texts shares critical features with the Western ''Seven Sages'' tradition, as Morris Epstein explains in his introduction. As in the ''Seven Sages,'' in ''Mishle Sendebar'' the sages are named, and compete to secure the role of instructing the prince. The sages are named some variation of: Sendebar (Sndbad, Sndbr), Ipokras (Yofkot, Biars, Avpkrt), Apulin (Apuliyon, Aplbin, Upilin), Lukman (Luknin, Lukian, Lukmo, Ukmo, Ukimun), Aristalin (Aristotlie, Astile, Aristotilus, Istlin), Bind (Binr, Nishum, Bindi, Hind, Binur, Kind) and Amami (Amur, Amia, Amri, Amud, Omd, Amuz). The king is named Bibar (or similar), and his first wife's name is Beria; the son and the empress-figure are unnamed.		However, ''Mishle Sendebar'' is also distinct from the other Eastern texts in some ways. Some of these differences are related to a distinct Hebrew literary tradition, evidenced in analogues or references to the Book of Esther and elements from the Torah, but some variations are also shown in the plot. For example, only in the Hebrew tradition is the empress forgiven at the end, once her crimes are revealed. Additionally, the Hebrew version alone of all the Eastern texts shares critical features with the Western ''Seven Sages'' tradition, as Morris Epstein explains in his introduction. As in the ''Seven Sages,'' in ''Mishle Sendebar'' the sages are named, and compete to secure the role of instructing the prince. The sages are named some variation of: Sendebar (Sndbad, Sndbr), Ipokras (Yofkot, Biars, Avpkrt), Apulin (Apuliyon, Aplbin, Upilin), Lukman (Luknin, Lukian, Lukmo, Ukmo, Ukimun), Aristalin (Aristotlie, Astile, Aristotilus, Istlin), Bind (Binr, Nishum, Bindi, Hind, Binur, Kind) and Amami (Amur, Amia, Amri, Amud, Omd, Amuz). The king is named Bibar (or similar), and his first wife's name is Beria; the son and the empress-figure are unnamed.
	\|Has Display Title=Mishle Sendebar		\|Has Display Title=Mishle Sendebar
	~~\|Has Parent Version=Hebrew Mishle Sendebar~~
	\|Has Title=משלי סנדבר (Mishle Sendebar)		\|Has Title=משלי סנדבר (Mishle Sendebar)
	\|Has Siglum=Mishle Sendebar		\|Has Siglum=Mishle Sendebar