Persian Sindbadnama - Revision history

Bonsall at 17:15, 12 March 2026

2026-03-12T17:15:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:15, 12 March 2026
Line 61:		Line 61:
	\|Has Short Title=Avis		\|Has Short Title=Avis
	\|Has Sequence Number=5		\|Has Sequence Number=5
			\|Has Narrator=First Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Gladius		\|Has Short Title=Gladius
	\|Has Sequence Number=6		\|Has Sequence Number=6
			\|Has Narrator=First Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Lavator		\|Has Short Title=Lavator
	\|Has Sequence Number=7		\|Has Sequence Number=7
			\|Has Narrator=Empress
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Turtures		\|Has Short Title=Turtures
	\|Has Sequence Number=8		\|Has Sequence Number=8
			\|Has Narrator=Second Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Zuchara		\|Has Short Title=Zuchara
	\|Has Sequence Number=9		\|Has Sequence Number=9
			\|Has Narrator=Second Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Striga		\|Has Short Title=Striga
	\|Has Sequence Number=10		\|Has Sequence Number=10
			\|Has Narrator=Empress
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Canis		\|Has Short Title=Canis
	\|Has Sequence Number=11		\|Has Sequence Number=11
			\|Has Narrator=Third Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Canicula 3		\|Has Short Title=Canicula 3
	\|Has Sequence Number=12		\|Has Sequence Number=12
			\|Has Narrator=Third Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Aper		\|Has Short Title=Aper
	\|Has Sequence Number=13		\|Has Sequence Number=13
			\|Has Narrator=Empress
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Balneator		\|Has Short Title=Balneator
	\|Has Sequence Number=14		\|Has Sequence Number=14
			\|Has Narrator=Fourth Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Canicula		\|Has Short Title=Canicula
	\|Has Sequence Number=15		\|Has Sequence Number=15
			\|Has Narrator=Fourth Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
Line 110:		Line 121:
	\|Has Short Title=Panes		\|Has Short Title=Panes
	\|Has Sequence Number=17		\|Has Sequence Number=17
			\|Has Narrator=Fifth Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Annuli		\|Has Short Title=Annuli
	\|Has Sequence Number=18		\|Has Sequence Number=18
			\|Has Narrator=Fifth Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Simia		\|Has Short Title=Simia
	\|Has Sequence Number=19		\|Has Sequence Number=19
			\|Has Narrator=Empress
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Nomina		\|Has Short Title=Nomina
	\|Has Sequence Number=20		\|Has Sequence Number=20
			\|Has Narrator=Sixth Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Pallium		\|Has Short Title=Pallium
	\|Has Sequence Number=21		\|Has Sequence Number=21
			\|Has Narrator=Sixth Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Fons		\|Has Short Title=Fons
	\|Has Sequence Number=22		\|Has Sequence Number=22
			\|Has Narrator=Empress
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Leo		\|Has Short Title=Leo
	\|Has Sequence Number=23		\|Has Sequence Number=23
			\|Has Narrator=Seventh Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Ingenia		\|Has Short Title=Ingenia
	\|Has Sequence Number=24		\|Has Sequence Number=24
			\|Has Narrator=Seventh Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Lac venenatum		\|Has Short Title=Lac venenatum
	\|Has Sequence Number=25		\|Has Sequence Number=25
			\|Has Narrator=Prince
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
Line 151:		Line 171:
	\|Has Short Title=Puer 3 annorum		\|Has Short Title=Puer 3 annorum
	\|Has Sequence Number=27		\|Has Sequence Number=27
			\|Has Narrator=Prince
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Puer 5 annorum		\|Has Short Title=Puer 5 annorum
	\|Has Sequence Number=28		\|Has Sequence Number=28
			\|Has Narrator=Prince
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Senex Caecus		\|Has Short Title=Senex Caecus
	\|Has Sequence Number=29		\|Has Sequence Number=29
			\|Has Narrator=Prince
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory

Bildhauer at 14:39, 12 March 2026

2026-03-12T14:39:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:39, 12 March 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Version		{{Version
	\|Has Description=The earliest Persian version that has survived is Ẓahīrī of Samarqand’s ''Sindbādnāma'' [Book of Sindbad] dated to around 1160CE. There is also a shortened version embedded into Nakhshabī’s ''Ṭūṭīnāma'' [Tales of a Parrot] (''c.''1330CE) and a versified version by ‘Aḍud Yazdī from ''c.'' 1375CE (on these texts, see the individual version entries).		\|Has Description=The earliest Persian version that has survived is Ẓahīrī of Samarqand’s ''Sindbādnāma'' [Book of Sindbad] dated to around 1160CE. There is also a shortened version embedded into Nakhshabī’s ''Ṭūṭīnāma'' [Tales of a Parrot] (''c.''1330CE) and a versified version by ‘Aḍud Yazdī from ''c.'' 1375CE (on these texts, see the individual version entries).

	Most scholars now assume that the ''Seven Sages of Rome/Book of Sindbad'' story-matter was first written down in Persian long before the extant versions. Several early Arabic and Persian historians evidence the existence of a Persian book about Sindbad, now lost, which Krönung 2016 dates to the sixth to seventh centuries but which may also have been written earlier or later. The Persian historian Hamza of Isfahan, for example, states in his ''Annals'' of Persian history (961CE) that a book with this title was written after the death of Alexander the Great and before the arrival of the Sasanians, under the Arsacid kings of Armenia (Perry 1960). Michael Andreopoulos in his Greek ''Syntipas'' (c. 1090–1100CE) mentions a previous story of Sindbad by someone called “Mousos the Persian”. Most academics agree that Mousos/Musa was an Arabic writer who translated an existing story in Pahlavi (Middle Persian) into Arabic (Nöldeke 1879, Krönung 2016, Belcher 1987). Ẓahīrī in his ''Sindbādnāma'' says that the text was translated from Pahlavi (Middle Persian) into Dari (Persian) in 950–951CE. The current scholarly consensus, following Perry 1960, is that a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) text was translated into Arabic and from there into Syriac and then Greek (Krönung 2016), as well as continuing to be transmitted in Persian.		Most scholars now assume that the ''Seven Sages of Rome/Book of Sindbad'' story-matter was first written down in Persian long before the extant versions. Several early Arabic and Persian historians evidence the existence of a Persian book about Sindbad, now lost, which Krönung 2016 dates to the sixth to seventh centuries but which may also have been written earlier or later. The Persian historian Hamza of Isfahan, for example, states in his ''Annals'' of Persian history (961CE) that a book with this title was written after the death of Alexander the Great and before the arrival of the Sasanians, under the Arsacid kings of Armenia (Perry 1960). Michael Andreopoulos in his Greek ''Syntipas'' (c. 1090–1100CE) mentions a previous story of Sindbad by someone called “Mousos the Persian”. Most academics agree that Mousos/Musa was an Arabic writer who translated an existing story in Pahlavi (Middle Persian) into Arabic (Nöldeke 1879, Krönung 2016, Belcher 1987). Ẓahīrī in his ''Sindbādnāma'' says that the text was translated from Pahlavi (Middle Persian) into Dari (Persian) in 950–951CE. The current scholarly consensus, following Perry 1960, is that a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) text was translated into Arabic and from there into Syriac and then Greek (Krönung 2016), as well as continuing to be transmitted in Persian.

Bildhauer at 14:39, 12 March 2026

2026-03-12T14:39:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:39, 12 March 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Version		{{Version
	\|Has Description=The earliest Persian version that has survived is Ẓahīrī of Samarqand’s ''Sindbādnāma'' [Book of Sindbad] dated to around 1160CE. There is also a shortened version embedded into ~~the eighth night of~~ Nakhshabī’s ''Ṭūṭīnāma'' [Tales of a Parrot] (''c.''1330CE) and a versified version by ‘Aḍud Yazdī from ''c.'' 1375CE (on these texts, see the individual version entries).		\|Has Description=The earliest Persian version that has survived is Ẓahīrī of Samarqand’s ''Sindbādnāma'' [Book of Sindbad] dated to around 1160CE. There is also a shortened version embedded into Nakhshabī’s ''Ṭūṭīnāma'' [Tales of a Parrot] (''c.''1330CE) and a versified version by ‘Aḍud Yazdī from ''c.'' 1375CE (on these texts, see the individual version entries).

	~~But most~~ scholars now assume that the ''Seven Sages of Rome/Book of Sindbad'' story-matter was first written down in Persian~~, in a version now lost~~. Several early Arabic and Persian historians evidence the existence of a Persian book about Sindbad, which Krönung 2016 dates to the sixth to seventh centuries but may also have been written earlier or later. The Persian historian Hamza of Isfahan, for example, states in his ''Annals'' of Persian history (961CE) that a book with this title was written after the death of Alexander the Great and before the arrival of the Sasanians, under the Arsacid kings of Armenia (Perry 1960). Perry (1960) points out that literature at that time must have been written in Greek or possibly Syriac or Aramaic, but not Persian, but emphasises that for Hamza, the book was already old and associated with Persia in 961AD. Michael Andreopoulos in his Greek ''Syntipas'' (c. 1090–1100CE) mentions a previous story of Sindbad by “Mousos the Persian”. Most academics agree that Mousos/Musa was an Arabic writer who translated an existing story in Pahlavi (Middle Persian) into Arabic (Nöldeke 1879, Krönung 2016, Belcher 1987). Ẓahīrī in his ''Sindbādnāma'' ~~states~~ that the text was translated from Pahlavi (Middle Persian) into Dari (Persian) in ~~the~~ 950–951CE. The current scholarly consensus, following Perry 1960, is that a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) text was translated into Arabic and from there into Syriac and then Greek (Krönung 2016), as well as continuing to be transmitted in Persian.		Most scholars now assume that the ''Seven Sages of Rome/Book of Sindbad'' story-matter was first written down in Persian long before the extant versions. Several early Arabic and Persian historians evidence the existence of a Persian book about Sindbad, now lost, which Krönung 2016 dates to the sixth to seventh centuries but which may also have been written earlier or later. The Persian historian Hamza of Isfahan, for example, states in his ''Annals'' of Persian history (961CE) that a book with this title was written after the death of Alexander the Great and before the arrival of the Sasanians, under the Arsacid kings of Armenia (Perry 1960). Michael Andreopoulos in his Greek ''Syntipas'' (c. 1090–1100CE) mentions a previous story of Sindbad by someone called “Mousos the Persian”. Most academics agree that Mousos/Musa was an Arabic writer who translated an existing story in Pahlavi (Middle Persian) into Arabic (Nöldeke 1879, Krönung 2016, Belcher 1987). Ẓahīrī in his ''Sindbādnāma'' says that the text was translated from Pahlavi (Middle Persian) into Dari (Persian) in 950–951CE. The current scholarly consensus, following Perry 1960, is that a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) text was translated into Arabic and from there into Syriac and then Greek (Krönung 2016), as well as continuing to be transmitted in Persian.

	~~Other~~ ninth- and tenth~~-century Arabic historians~~ also mention that the story may have had Indian precursors. While much older scholarship presumed an Indian version predating the Persian text, most academics since Perry (1960) think that this ~~may be~~ unlikely, as no written traces of such an Indian ~~versions~~ have been found, though ~~this~~ is still considered a possibility by Krönung 2016.		Some Arabic historians writing in the ninth and tenth centuries also mention that the story may have had Indian precursors. While much older scholarship presumed that there was an Indian version predating the Persian text, most academics since Perry (1960) think that this is unlikely, as no written traces of such an Indian version have been found, though its existence is still considered a possibility by Krönung 2016.

	Entered by Bettina Bildhauer		Entered by Bettina Bildhauer

Bonsall at 15:36, 10 March 2026

2026-03-10T15:36:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:36, 10 March 2026
Line 146:		Line 146:
	\|Has Short Title=Mater negligens		\|Has Short Title=Mater negligens
	\|Has Sequence Number=26		\|Has Sequence Number=26
			\|Has Narrator=Prince
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory

Bonsall at 12:28, 10 March 2026

2026-03-10T12:28:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:28, 10 March 2026
Line 41:		Line 41:
	\|Has Short Title=Vulpes et simia		\|Has Short Title=Vulpes et simia
	\|Has Sequence Number=1		\|Has Sequence Number=1
			\|Has Narrator=Sindbad
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Camelus		\|Has Short Title=Camelus
	\|Has Sequence Number=2		\|Has Sequence Number=2
			\|Has Narrator=Sindbad
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Elephantus		\|Has Short Title=Elephantus
	\|Has Sequence Number=3		\|Has Sequence Number=3
			\|Has Narrator=Sindbad
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Rex simiarum		\|Has Short Title=Rex simiarum
	\|Has Sequence Number=4		\|Has Sequence Number=4
			\|Has Narrator=First Master
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
Line 101:		Line 105:
	\|Has Short Title=Mel		\|Has Short Title=Mel
	\|Has Sequence Number=16		\|Has Sequence Number=16
			\|Has Narrator=Empress
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
Line 157:		Line 162:
	\|Has Short Title=4 liberatores		\|Has Short Title=4 liberatores
	\|Has Sequence Number=30		\|Has Sequence Number=30
			\|Has Narrator=Prince
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
Line 163:		Line 169:
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Fatum		\|Has Short Title=Fatum
			\|Has Narrator=Sindbad
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Upupa		\|Has Short Title=Upupa
			\|Has Narrator=Sindbad
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Vespa et formica		\|Has Short Title=Vespa et formica
			\|Has Narrator=Sindbad
	}}		}}

Bonsall at 11:19, 10 March 2026

2026-03-10T11:19:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:19, 10 March 2026
Line 83:		Line 83:
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Canicula		\|Has Short Title=Canicula 3
	\|Has Sequence Number=12		\|Has Sequence Number=12
	}}		}}
Line 95:		Line 95:
	}}		}}
	{{EmbeddedStory		{{EmbeddedStory
	\|Has Short Title=Canicula 2		\|Has Short Title=Canicula
	\|Has Sequence Number=15		\|Has Sequence Number=15
	}}		}}

Bildhauer at 11:07, 6 March 2026

2026-03-06T11:07:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:07, 6 March 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Version		{{Version
	\|Has Description=The Persian ''~~Sindbadnama~~'' ~~traditions are all thought~~ to ~~derive from~~ a ~~Middle Persian (Pahlavi) original. Older scholarship presumed an Indian source for this, but no Sanskrit texts have been found as evidence~~ of ~~this (~~[~~[Krönung~~ (~~2016)]])~~. ~~Scholars assume that there were several adaptations into early New Persian, by Rudaki (Dabir Siyaqi 1955~~) and ~~Daqayeqi (Zakeri 2023). The only~~ version ~~that has survived is~~ by ~~Zahiri al-Samarqandi in~~ c. ~~1160 CE/555 AH~~.		\|Has Description=The earliest Persian version that has survived is Ẓahīrī of Samarqand’s ''Sindbādnāma'' [Book of Sindbad] dated to around 1160CE. There is also a shortened version embedded into the eighth night of Nakhshabī’s ''Ṭūṭīnāma'' [Tales of a Parrot] (''c.''1330CE) and a versified version by ‘Aḍud Yazdī from ''c.'' 1375CE (on these texts, see the individual version entries).

	~~The~~ ''~~Sindbadnama~~'' was later ~~inserted~~, in ~~abridged form, into Nakhshabi’s~~ ''~~Tutinama~~''. ~~Later~~, ~~in 1374~~, the ~~Shirazi belletrist~~ and ~~courtier Azod Yazdi versified Zahiri~~'~~s version for~~ the ~~govenor of Shiraz~~, ~~Tamerlane~~'~~s son Shah Rukh~~. ~~Of these different surviving versions~~, ~~Zahiri's version seems~~ to have ~~been by far~~ the most ~~popular and sought after~~, ~~particularly in the Ottoman Empire~~.		But most scholars now assume that the ''Seven Sages of Rome/Book of Sindbad'' story-matter was first written down in Persian, in a version now lost. Several early Arabic and Persian historians evidence the existence of a Persian book about Sindbad, which Krönung 2016 dates to the sixth to seventh centuries but may also have been written earlier or later. The Persian historian Hamza of Isfahan, for example, states in his ''Annals'' of Persian history (961CE) that a book with this title was written after the death of Alexander the Great and before the arrival of the Sasanians, under the Arsacid kings of Armenia (Perry 1960). Perry (1960) points out that literature at that time must have been written in Greek or possibly Syriac or Aramaic, but not Persian, but emphasises that for Hamza, the book was already old and associated with Persia in 961AD. Michael Andreopoulos in his Greek ''Syntipas'' (c. 1090–1100CE) mentions a previous story of Sindbad by “Mousos the Persian”. Most academics agree that Mousos/Musa was an Arabic writer who translated an existing story in Pahlavi (Middle Persian) into Arabic (Nöldeke 1879, Krönung 2016, Belcher 1987). Ẓahīrī in his ''Sindbādnāma'' states that the text was translated from Pahlavi (Middle Persian) into Dari (Persian) in the 950–951CE. The current scholarly consensus, following Perry 1960, is that a Pahlavi (Middle Persian) text was translated into Arabic and from there into Syriac and then Greek (Krönung 2016), as well as continuing to be transmitted in Persian.

			Other ninth- and tenth-century Arabic historians also mention that the story may have had Indian precursors. While much older scholarship presumed an Indian version predating the Persian text, most academics since Perry (1960) think that this may be unlikely, as no written traces of such an Indian versions have been found, though this is still considered a possibility by Krönung 2016.

			Entered by Bettina Bildhauer
	\|Has Display Title=Persian Sindbadnama		\|Has Display Title=Persian Sindbadnama
	\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindbad		\|Has Branch Of Tradition=Book of Sindbad
	\|Is Adapted Into=Nakhshabi Tutinama; Zahiri al Samarqandi, Sindbadnama; Azod Yazdi versification		\|Is Adapted Into=Nakhshabi Tutinama; Zahiri al Samarqandi, Sindbadnama; Azod Yazdi versification
	\|Has Language Of Version=Persian		\|Has Language Of Version=Persian
	~~\|Has Regional Language=Dari (Insha)~~		\|Has Start Date Of Composition=200
	\|Has Start Date Of Composition=~~500~~		\|Has End Date Of Composition=800
	\|Has End Date Of Composition=~~950~~
	\|Is Date Uncertain=No		\|Is Date Uncertain=No
	\|Has Source For Date Of Text Composition=Krönung (2016)		\|Has Source For Date Of Text Composition=Krönung (2016); Perry (1960)
	\|Has Modern Research Literature=Perry (1960); Zakeri (2023); Dabir Siyaqi (1955); (~~see specific versions for more~~)		\|Has Modern Research Literature=Perry (1960); Zakeri (2023); Dabir Siyaqi (1955); Krönung (2016); Nöldeke (1879); Belcher (1987)
	\|Has Internal Notes=Roughly 50% of the early manuscripts are to be found in Iranian libraries, who did not reply before the completion of this database. Below is a list of manuscripts in Iranian libraries whose existence can be confirmed:		\|Has Internal Notes=Roughly 50% of the early manuscripts are to be found in Iranian libraries, who did not reply before the completion of this database. Below is a list of manuscripts in Iranian libraries whose existence can be confirmed:

Bildhauer at 16:59, 3 March 2026

2026-03-03T16:59:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:59, 3 March 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Version		{{Version
	\|Has Description=The Persian ''Sindbadnama'' traditions are all thought to derive from a Middle Persian (Pahlavi) original. Older scholarship presumed an Indian source for this, but no Sanskrit texts have been found as evidence of this ([[Krönung (2016)]]. Scholars assume that there were several adaptations into early New Persian, by Rudaki (Dabir Siyaqi 1955) and Daqayeqi (Zakeri 2023). The only version that has survived is by Zahiri al-Samarqandi in c. 1160 CE/555 AH.		\|Has Description=The Persian ''Sindbadnama'' traditions are all thought to derive from a Middle Persian (Pahlavi) original. Older scholarship presumed an Indian source for this, but no Sanskrit texts have been found as evidence of this ([[Krönung (2016)]]). Scholars assume that there were several adaptations into early New Persian, by Rudaki (Dabir Siyaqi 1955) and Daqayeqi (Zakeri 2023). The only version that has survived is by Zahiri al-Samarqandi in c. 1160 CE/555 AH.

	The ''Sindbadnama'' was later inserted, in abridged form, into Nakhshabi’s ''Tutinama''. Later, in 1374, the Shirazi belletrist and courtier Azod Yazdi versified Zahiri's version for the govenor of Shiraz, Tamerlane's son Shah Rukh. Of these different surviving versions, Zahiri's version seems to have been by far the most popular and sought after, particularly in the Ottoman Empire.		The ''Sindbadnama'' was later inserted, in abridged form, into Nakhshabi’s ''Tutinama''. Later, in 1374, the Shirazi belletrist and courtier Azod Yazdi versified Zahiri's version for the govenor of Shiraz, Tamerlane's son Shah Rukh. Of these different surviving versions, Zahiri's version seems to have been by far the most popular and sought after, particularly in the Ottoman Empire.

Bonsall at 12:26, 3 March 2026

2026-03-03T12:26:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:26, 3 March 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Version		{{Version
	\|Has Description=The Persian ''Sindbadnama'' traditions are all thought to derive from a Middle Persian (Pahlavi) original. Older scholarship presumed an Indian source for this, but no Sanskrit texts have been found as evidence of this ([[Krönung (2016)]]. Scholars assume that there were several adaptations into early New Persian, by Rudaki (Dabir Siyaqi 1955) and Daqayeqi (Zakeri 2023). The only version that has survived is by Zahiri al-Samarqandi in c. 1160 CE/555 AH.		\|Has Description=The Persian ''Sindbadnama'' traditions are all thought to derive from a Middle Persian (Pahlavi) original. Older scholarship presumed an Indian source for this, but no Sanskrit texts have been found as evidence of this ([[Krönung (2016)]]. Scholars assume that there were several adaptations into early New Persian, by Rudaki (Dabir Siyaqi 1955) and Daqayeqi (Zakeri 2023). The only version that has survived is by Zahiri al-Samarqandi in c. 1160 CE/555 AH.

	The ''Sindbadnama'' was later inserted, in abridged form, into Nakhshabi’s ''Tutinama''. Later, in 1374, the Shirazi belletrist and courtier Azod Yazdi versified Zahiri's version for the govenor of Shiraz, Tamerlane's son Shah Rukh. Of these different surviving versions, Zahiri's version seems to have been by far the most popular and sought after, particularly in the Ottoman Empire.		The ''Sindbadnama'' was later inserted, in abridged form, into Nakhshabi’s ''Tutinama''. Later, in 1374, the Shirazi belletrist and courtier Azod Yazdi versified Zahiri's version for the govenor of Shiraz, Tamerlane's son Shah Rukh. Of these different surviving versions, Zahiri's version seems to have been by far the most popular and sought after, particularly in the Ottoman Empire.

Bonsall at 12:21, 3 March 2026

2026-03-03T12:21:55Z

@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
-Check: turtures 2; canicula 3 AND 2; Aper 1, Annuli,
+Check: turtures 2; canicula 3 AND 2; Aper 1, Annuli, Ingenia 1a
 |Has Note=Note: story order (below) is based on the Zahiri al-Samarqandi narrative.
 }}
@@ Line 114: / Line 114: @@
 |Has Short Title=Nomina
 |Has Sequence Number=20
 }}