Gaelic Version A: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 16:39, 4 August 2025

The Gaelic version of the Seven Sages, surviving in only one manuscript in the National Library of Scotland and dating from c. 1690, is incomplete. Only the final four stories remain - but according to Greene (1944), they accord closely with the details and pattern expected of the Version A tradition. This prose text differs sufficiently in style and detail from the Middle English Version A (which is a verse redaction) to preclude the English from being its source. Greene has instead proposed a Latin text of Version A, found in an Irish manuscript (Dublin Trinity College Library Ms 667), as a possible original source for the Gaelic text. However, Greene also opperates on the assumption that the seventeenth-century Scots Gaelic manuscript that survives was a ('late and fairly bad') copy of an earlier, now lost, Gaelic text (Greene, p. 221). Though no earlier Irish/Gaelic translations of the Seven Sages narrative survive, there is a reference to one in the library of the Fitzgerald Earls of Kildare at Maynooth around 1526, according to a list in British Library Harley 3756 (Black, 1994-1996). In her study of this medieval inventories of this library, including Harley 3756, Aisling Byrne has identified a text designated [51a] with the title 'Foilfylmurey / The VII sages', one of the Irish texts from the collection that is sadly no longer extant (Byrne 2013). Byrne suggests that 'The VII sages' refers to an early sixteenth-century Irish translation of the Seven Wise Masters tale, and points to the Scots Gaelic version (and Greene's edition) as the only surviving iterations of the text. Greene's analysis of the language of the Scots Gaelic text does correspond with this hypothesis; the language 'would accord well with an early sixteenth century origin', he notes (Greene, p. 221).

The National Library of Scotland's catalogue indicates that this text is associated with an 'Alexander MacDonald', who Ronald Black identifies as the famous Jacobite Gaelic poet Alasdair MacDhòmhnaill, also known as Alasdair Mac Mhaighstir Alasdair (Black, 1994-1996). Black explains that Mac Maihsighstir Alasdair likely owned and heavily annotated the manuscript sometime c. 1739, with notes, receipts of financial agreements, and verses claiming ownership of the manuscript in his hand. However, the original scribe composed the body of the text some 40 years earlier, and Black has identified them as, possibly, Maol Moire mac Cathail Mhic Mhuirich (fl. 1694), a member of the Mhic Mhuirich bardic family of classical Gaelic scholars, and son of the famous poet Cathail Mhic Mhurich (Black, 1976-1978). In addition to the Seven Sages, the other texts in the manuscript are suggestive of composition in the West Highlands or Islands (not Central Highlands, despite the location of Rannoch given in the marginal notations). These texts include three Catholic poems originating in Ireland (common in the West Highlands, according to Black), and poems addressed to both two Clanranald chiefs and a MacLeod chief whose tenure was 1690-1693, thereby supplying a composition date of c. 1693 (Black, 1994-1996, p. 389).

General Information
Language within Version
Narrative / Scholarly Group
Parent Versions	A (Seven Sages)
Child Versions
Author
Title	Seven Wise Masters
Siglum of the version of the Seven Sages	A (Seven Sages)
Version Number
Branch of the tradition	West

Language & Composition
Original language of version	Gaelic
Translated into (languages)	Scots Gaelic
Place of composition
Date of composition	1690 - 1700
Source for date of composition	Greene (1944)

Literature & Editions
Modern research literature	Greene (1944), Byrne (2013), Black (1994-1996), Black (1976-1978)
Modern Editions	Greene, A Gaelic Version of "The Seven Wise Masters" (1944)

Recorded branch of this secondary version
A (Seven Sages) French Version A: Roman des Sept Sages Group U Group V Group W Group X Group Y Group Z Gaelic Version A German Version A: Allegatio/Libellus Latin Version A Latin Version A: Allegatio / Libellus Middle English Version A Midland Version Y Group Northern English Southern English Old Swedish Version A: Sju vise mästare Old Swedish Redaction A Old Swedish Redaction B Older Scots Version A: Buke of the Sevyne Sagis Welsh Version A: Chwedleu Seith Doethon Rufein Early Modern and Modern Welsh Version A Middle Welsh Version A

Connected prints
No connected prints

Adaptations
Adapted from (version)	Latin Version A
Adapted into (version)
Source for composition and adaptation information	Greene (1944)

Languages in Use
Language of text	Gaelic
Regional or specific language of version	Scots Gaelic

Notes
Note
Notes on motifs
Notes on the frame

Pattern of embedded stories in this version

Connected manuscripts

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Secondary Version
-|Has Description=The Gaelic version of the ''Seven Sages'', surviving in only one manuscript in the National Library of Scotland and dating from c. 1690, is incomplete. Only the final four stories remain - but according to [[Greene (1944)]], they accord closely with the details and pattern expected of the [[A (Seven Sages)|Version A]] tradition. This prose text differs sufficiently in style and detail from the [[Middle English Version A]] (which is a verse redaction) to preclude the English from being its source. Greene has instead proposed a Latin text of Version A, found in an Irish manuscript ([[Dublin Trinity College Library Ms 667]]), as a possible original source for the Gaelic text. However, Greene also opperates on the assumption that the seventeenth-century Scots Gaelic manuscript that survives was a ('late and fairly bad') copy of an earlier, now lost, Gaelic text (Greene, p. 221). Though no earlier Irish/Gaelic translations of the ''Seven Sages'' narrative survive, there is a reference to one from the library of the Fitzgerald Earls of Kildare at Maynooth. In her study of this medieval inventories of this library, Aisling Byrne has identified a text designated [51a] with the title 'Foilfylmurey / The VII sages', one of the Irish texts from the collection that is sadly no longer extant ([[Byrne (2013)|Byrne 2013]]). Byrne suggests that 'The VII sages' refers to an early sixteenth-century Irish translation of the ''Seven Wise Masters'' tale, and points to the Scots Gaelic version (and Greene's edition) as the only surviving iterations of the text. Greene's analysis of the language of the Scots Gaelic text does correspond with this hypothesis; the language 'would accord well with an early sixteenth century origin', he notes (p. 221).
+|Has Description=The Gaelic version of the ''Seven Sages'', surviving in only one manuscript in the National Library of Scotland and dating from c. 1690, is incomplete. Only the final four stories remain - but according to [[Greene (1944)]], they accord closely with the details and pattern expected of the [[A (Seven Sages)|Version A]] tradition. This prose text differs sufficiently in style and detail from the [[Middle English Version A]] (which is a verse redaction) to preclude the English from being its source. Greene has instead proposed a Latin text of Version A, found in an Irish manuscript ([[Dublin Trinity College Library Ms 667]]), as a possible original source for the Gaelic text. However, Greene also opperates on the assumption that the seventeenth-century Scots Gaelic manuscript that survives was a ('late and fairly bad') copy of an earlier, now lost, Gaelic text (Greene, p. 221). Though no earlier Irish/Gaelic translations of the ''Seven Sages'' narrative survive, there is a reference to one in the library of the Fitzgerald Earls of Kildare at Maynooth around 1526, according to a list in British Library Harley 3756 ([[Black (1994-1996)|Black, 1994-1996]]). In her study of this medieval inventories of this library, including Harley 3756, Aisling Byrne has identified a text designated [51a] with the title 'Foilfylmurey / The VII sages', one of the Irish texts from the collection that is sadly no longer extant ([[Byrne (2013)|Byrne 2013]]). Byrne suggests that 'The VII sages' refers to an early sixteenth-century Irish translation of the ''Seven Wise Masters'' tale, and points to the Scots Gaelic version (and Greene's edition) as the only surviving iterations of the text. Greene's analysis of the language of the Scots Gaelic text does correspond with this hypothesis; the language 'would accord well with an early sixteenth century origin', he notes (Greene, p. 221).
-The National Library of Scotland's catalogue indicates that this text may be associated with an 'Alexander MacDonald' - who may potentially be identified as the famous Jacobite Gaelic poet Alasdair MacDhòmhnaill, also known as Alasdair Mac Mhaighstir Alasdair.
+The National Library of Scotland's catalogue indicates that this text is associated with an 'Alexander MacDonald', who Ronald Black identifies as the famous Jacobite Gaelic poet Alasdair MacDhòmhnaill, also known as Alasdair Mac Mhaighstir Alasdair ([[Black (1994-1996)|Black, 1994-1996]]). Black explains that Mac Maihsighstir Alasdair likely owned and heavily annotated the manuscript sometime c. 1739, with notes, receipts of financial agreements, and verses claiming ownership of the manuscript in his hand. However, the original scribe composed the body of the text some 40 years earlier, and Black has identified them as, possibly, Maol Moire mac Cathail Mhic Mhuirich (fl. 1694), a member of the Mhic Mhuirich bardic family of classical Gaelic scholars, and son of the famous poet Cathail Mhic Mhurich ([[Black (1976-1978)|Black, 1976-1978]]). In addition to the ''Seven Sages'', the other texts in the manuscript are suggestive of composition in the West Highlands or Islands (not Central Highlands, despite the location of Rannoch given in the marginal notations). These texts include three Catholic poems originating in Ireland (common in the West Highlands, according to Black), and poems addressed to both two Clanranald chiefs and a MacLeod chief whose tenure was 1690-1693, thereby supplying a composition date of c. 1693 (Black, 1994-1996, p. 389).
 |Has Title=Seven Wise Masters
 |Has Siglum=A (Seven Sages)
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 |Has Text Language=Gaelic
 |Has Regional Language=Scots Gaelic
-|Has Modern Research Literature=Greene (1944); Byrne (2013)
+|Has Modern Research Literature=Greene (1944); Byrne (2013); Black (1994-1996); Black (1976-1978)
 |Has Modern Edition=Greene, A Gaelic Version of "The Seven Wise Masters" (1944)
 }}